Structural and Optical Characterizations of ZnFe2O4, CoFe2O4 and Their Nanocomposites     

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ABSTRACT

In this study, the structural and optical properties of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄), cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄), and their nanocomposite were systematically investigated. The materials were synthesized using a co-precipitation method followed by solid-state reaction techniques. A 1:1 weight ratio was utilized for the nanocomposite to combine the distinct properties of both ferrites. Structural analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the spinel cubic crystal structures for both ZnFe₂O₄ and CoFe₂O₄, with phase purity validated through Rietveld refinement. The nanocomposite demonstrated a robust crystalline structure without secondary phases. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed agglomerated crystallites within the nanometer range (10–20 nm). Optical characterization using UV-visible spectroscopy indicated semiconductor behavior with direct band gaps exceeding 2 eV, confirming their potential for optoelectronic applications. The nanocomposite exhibited enhanced structural and optical stability compared to its individual constituents, providing a promising foundation for further exploration into their magnetic and electrical properties. This study highlights the significance of ZnFe₂O₄, CoFe₂O₄, and their nanocomposite in multifunctional applications, including magnetic devices and energy storage systems.

Significance of the Study:

This study highlights the successful synthesis and characterization of pure CoFe₂O₄, ZnFe₂O₄, and their composite (CoFe₂O₄/ZnFe₂O₄), showcasing their single-phase spinel structures with nanocrystalline behavior. The findings on morphological, optical, and structural properties, including the band gap analysis, offer critical insights for potential applications in energy storage, catalysis, and magnetic devices, emphasizing the role of composite materials in enhancing multifunctional properties.

Summary of the Study:

The study synthesized CoFe₂O₄, ZnFe₂O₄, and CoFe₂O₄/ZnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles via precise methods. XRD confirmed their spinel structure, TEM demonstrated nanocrystalline morphology, and UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed band gap values of 4.978 eV, 2.693 eV, and 2.529 eV, respectively. These results, complemented by Rietveld refinement and SAED patterns, emphasize the composite’s superior properties, laying a foundation for advanced material applications.